1-Butanol | 71-63-3
Zambiri Zakuthupi:
| Dzina lazogulitsa | 1-Butanol |
| Katundu | Zamadzimadzi zowoneka bwino zopanda mtundu ndi zapaderafungo |
| Melting Point (°C) | -89.8 |
| Boiling Point (°C) | 117.7 |
| Kachulukidwe wachibale (Madzi=1) | 0.81 |
| Kuchuluka kwa nthunzi (mpweya=1) | 2.55 |
| Kuthamanga kwa nthunzi (kPa) | 0.73 |
| Kutentha kwamphamvu (kJ/mol) | -2673.2 |
| Kutentha kwambiri (°C) | 289.85 |
| Critical pressure (MPa) | 4.414 |
| Octanol/water partition coefficient | 0.88 |
| Pothirira (°C) | 29 |
| Kutentha koyatsira (°C) | 355-365 |
| Kuphulika kwapamwamba (%) | 11.3 |
| Zochepa zophulika (%) | 1.4 |
| Kusungunuka | pang'ono sungunuka m'madzi, sungunuka mu Mowa, etha ndi zina zambiri organic solvents. |
Katundu ndi Kukhazikika:
1.Amapanga zosakaniza za azeotropic ndi madzi, zosakanikirana ndi ethanol, etha ndi zina zambiri zosungunulira organic. Amasungunuka mu alkaloids, camphor, utoto, mphira, ethyl cellulose, resin acid salt (calcium ndi magnesium salt), mafuta ndi mafuta, sera ndi mitundu yambiri ya utomoni wachilengedwe komanso wopangidwa.
2.Chemical properties ndi ethanol ndi propanol, mofanana ndi reactivity mankhwala a alcohols oyambirira.
3.Butanol ndi ya gulu lochepa la poizoni. The mankhwala ochititsa mphamvu kwambiri kuposa propanol, ndipo mobwerezabwereza kukhudzana ndi khungu kungayambitse magazi ndi necrosis. Kawopsedwe ake kwa anthu ndi pafupifupi katatu kuposa wa ethanol. Nthunzi yake imakwiyitsa maso, mphuno ndi mmero. Kukhazikika kwa 75.75mg / m3 Ngakhale anthu atakhala ndi malingaliro osasangalatsa, koma chifukwa cha kutentha kwakukulu, kusinthasintha kochepa, kupatulapo kugwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwakukulu, kuopsa kwake sikuli kwakukulu. Khoswe oral LD50 ndi 4.36g/kg. olfactory pachimake ndende 33.33mg/m3. TJ 36&mash;79 imanena kuti kuchuluka kovomerezeka kovomerezeka mumlengalenga wa msonkhano ndi 200 mg/m3.
4.Kukhazikika: Kukhazikika
5.Zinthu zoletsedwa: Ma acid amphamvu, acyl chlorides, acid anhydrides, amphamvu oxidizing agents.
6.Kuopsa kwa polymerisation: Kupanda polymerization
Ntchito Yogulitsa:
1.Mainly amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga phthalic acid, aliphatic dibasic acid ndi phosphoric acid n-butyl ester plasticisers. Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati chosungunulira cha utoto wa organic ndi inki zosindikizira, komanso ngati chotsitsa cha dewaxing. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zosungunulira kupatutsa potaziyamu perchlorate ndi sodium perchlorate, komanso amatha kulekanitsa sodium kolorayidi ndi lithiamu kolorayidi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsuka sodium zinc uranyl acetate precipitates. Saponification A sing'anga kwa esters. Kukonzekera kwa parafini-ophatikizidwa zinthu kwa microanalysis. Ntchito monga zosungunulira kwa mafuta, sera, utomoni, m`kamwa, m`kamwa, etc. Nitro utsi utoto co-zosungunulira, etc.
2.Kusanthula kwa Chromatographic kwa zinthu zokhazikika. Ntchito colourimetric mtima wa arsenic asidi, kulekana kwa potaziyamu, sodium, lithiamu, chlorate zosungunulira.
3.Kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ma analytical reagents, monga zosungunulira, monga kusanthula kwa chromatographic kwa zinthu zokhazikika. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito mu organic synthesis.
4.Zosungunulira zofunika kwambiri, popanga urea-formaldehyde resins, cellulose resins, alkyd resins ndi zokutira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mochuluka, komanso monga zomatira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu diluent yosagwira ntchito. Ndiwofunikanso mankhwala opangira mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga plasticiser dibutyl phthalate, aliphatic dibasic acid ester, phosphate ester. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati dehydrating agent, anti-emulsifier ndi extractant mafuta, zonunkhira, maantibayotiki, mahomoni, mavitamini, ndi zina zotero, zowonjezera za utoto wa alkyd resin, ndi co-solvent ya utoto wa nitro spray.
5.Cosmetic zosungunulira. Makamaka muzopaka misomali ndi zodzoladzola zina monga co-solvent, ndi ethyl acetate ndi zosungunulira zina zazikulu, kuti zithandize kusungunula mtundu ndi kusintha kusungunuka kwamadzimadzi ndi kukhuthala. Ndalama zomwe zimawonjezeredwa nthawi zambiri zimakhala pafupifupi 10%.
6.Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati defoamer pakuphatikiza kwa inki pakusindikiza pazenera.
7.Kugwiritsidwa ntchito pophika chakudya, pudding, maswiti.
8.Kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga esters, plasticiser pulasitiki, mankhwala, utoto wopopera, komanso ngati zosungunulira.
Njira Zosungira Zinthu:
Zopakidwa mu ng’oma zachitsulo, 160kg kapena 200kg pa ng’oma imodzi, ziyenera kusungidwa m’malo osungira owuma ndi mpweya wabwino, ndi kutentha kosachepera 35°C, ndipo mosungiramo zinthu kuyenera kukhala kosatentha ndi kuphulika. Zosapsa ndi kuphulika m'nyumba yosungiramo katundu. Pokweza, kutsitsa ndi kunyamula, pewani chiwawa impact, ndikuteteza ku dzuwa ndi mvula. Sungani ndi kunyamula motsatira malamulo a mankhwala oyaka moto.
Zolemba Zosungira:
1.Sungani m'nyumba yosungiramo zoziziritsa komanso mpweya wabwino.
2. Khalani kutali ndi moto ndi gwero la kutentha.
3.Kutentha kosungirako kusapitirire 37°C.
4.Sungani chidebe chosindikizidwa.
5. Iyenera kusungidwa mosiyana ndi oxidizing agents, acids, etc., ndipo sayenera kusakanikirana.
6.Gwiritsani ntchito zounikira zosaphulika ndi mpweya wabwino.
7.Letsani kugwiritsa ntchito zida zamakina ndi zida zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kupanga zopsereza.
8.Malo osungira ayenera kukhala ndi zida zowonongeka zowonongeka ndi zipangizo zoyenera zogona.
