Methyl mowa |67-56-1
Zambiri Zakuthupi:
| Dzina lazogulitsa | Mowa wa Methyl |
| Katundu | Zamadzimadzi zosawoneka bwino zoyaka komanso zosasunthika |
| Malo osungunuka(°C) | -98 |
| Malo Owira (°C) | 143.5 |
| Pothirira (°C) | 40.6 |
| Kusungunuka kwamadzi | zosiyanasiyana |
| Kuthamanga kwa nthunzi | 2.14(mmHg pa 25°C) |
Mafotokozedwe Akatundu:
Methanol, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti hydroxymethane, ndi mankhwala achilengedwe komanso mowa wosavuta kwambiri wodzaza ndi mowa.Njira yake yamakina ndi CH3OH/CH₄O, yomwe CH₃OH ndi mawonekedwe afupiafupi, omwe amatha kuwonetsa gulu la hydroxyl la methano.Chifukwa idapezeka koyamba mu distillation youma ya nkhuni, imatchedwanso & ldquo;matabwa mowa & rdquo;kapena & ldquo;nkhuni mzimu & rdquo;.Mlingo wotsikitsitsa wapoyizoni wamkamwa wamunthu ndi pafupifupi 100mg/kg kulemera kwa thupi, kudya mkamwa kwa 0.3 ~ 1g/kg kumatha kupha.Ntchito kupanga formaldehyde ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, etc., ndi ntchito monga extractant wa zinthu organic ndi mowa denaturant, etc.
Katundu ndi Kukhazikika:
Madzi osawoneka bwino opanda mtundu, nthunzi wake ndi mpweya wake zimatha kupanga zosakaniza zophulika, zikawotchedwa kuti zipange lawi la buluu.Kutentha kwakukulu 240.0 ° C;zovuta kuthamanga 78.5atm, miscible ndi madzi, Mowa, etha, benzene, ketoni ndi zina zosungunulira organic.Nthunzi yake imapanga kusakanikirana kophulika ndi mpweya, komwe kungayambitse kuyaka ndi kuphulika kukakhala pamoto wotseguka ndi kutentha kwakukulu.Imatha kuchitapo kanthu mwamphamvu ndi okosijeni.Ngati chikukumana ndi kutentha kwakukulu, kupanikizika mkati mwa chidebecho kumawonjezeka, ndipo pali ngozi ya kusweka ndi kuphulika.Palibe moto woyaka pamene ukuyaka.Itha kudziunjikira magetsi osasunthika ndikuyatsa nthunzi wake.
Ntchito Yogulitsa:
1.Imodzi mwazinthu zopangira organic, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chloromethane, methylamine ndi dimethyl sulphate ndi zinthu zina zambiri.Ndiwopangira mankhwala ophera tizilombo (mankhwala ophera tizilombo, ma acaricides), mankhwala (sulfonamides, hapten, etc.), ndi imodzi mwazinthu zopangira dimethyl terephthalate, methyl methacrylate ndi methyl acrylate.
2.Kugwiritsa ntchito kwakukulu kwa methanol ndiko kupanga formaldehyde.
3.Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwina kwakukulu kwa methanol ndiko kupanga acetic acid.Ikhoza kupanga vinyl acetate, acetate fiber ndi acetate, etc. Zofuna zake zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi utoto, zomatira ndi nsalu.
4.Methanol angagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga methyl formate.
5.Methanol imatha kupanganso methylamine, methylamine ndi yofunika kwambiri yamafuta amine, yokhala ndi nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi ndi methanol ngati zida zopangira, imatha kukhala yodziwika bwino pogwiritsa ntchito methylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, ndi imodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri zopangira mankhwala.
6.Ikhoza kupangidwa kukhala dimethyl carbonate, yomwe ndi mankhwala ogwirizana ndi chilengedwe ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mankhwala, ulimi ndi mafakitale apadera, ndi zina zotero.
7.Ikhoza kupangidwa mu ethylene glycol, yomwe ndi imodzi mwa zipangizo zapakatikati za petrochemical ndipo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga polyester ndi antifreeze.
8.Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zolimbikitsa kukula, zomwe zimapindulitsa pakukula kwa mbewu zowuma.
9. Komanso akhoza apanga methanol mapuloteni, methanol monga zopangira opangidwa ndi tizilombo ting'onoting'ono nayonso mphamvu mapuloteni methanol amadziwika ngati m'badwo wachiwiri wa single-cell mapuloteni, co.mpachofiira chokhala ndi mapuloteni achilengedwe, zakudya zopatsa thanzi ndizokwera kwambiri, zomanga thupi zamafuta ochepa kwambiri kuposa ufa wa nsomba ndi soya, komanso zili ndi ma amino acid, mchere ndi mavitamini, zomwe zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa ufa wa nsomba, soya, chakudya cha mafupa. , nyama ndi ufa wa mkaka wosakanizidwa.
10.Methanol imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kuyeretsa ndi kuchotsera mafuta.
11.Kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati reagent analytical, monga solvents, methylation reagents, chromatographic reagents.Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito mu organic synthesis.
12.Kawirikawiri methanol ndi zosungunulira bwino kuposa ethanol, akhoza kusungunula ambiri mchere mchere.Itha kuphatikizidwanso kukhala mafuta ngati mafuta ena.Methanol ntchito kupanga mafuta octane zowonjezera methyl tertiary butyl ether, methanol petulo, methanol mafuta, ndi mapuloteni methanol ndi mankhwala ena.
13.Methanol sizinthu zofunikira zokha za mankhwala, komanso gwero lamphamvu ndi mafuta a galimoto ndi ntchito yabwino kwambiri.Methanol imakhudzidwa ndi isobutylene kuti ipeze MTBE (methyl tertiary butyl ether), yomwe ndi chowonjezera cha octane unleaded petulo ndipo ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito ngati zosungunulira.Kuphatikiza apo, itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kupanga olefins ndi propylene.
14.Methanol ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga dimethyl ether.Mafuta atsopano amadzimadzi opangidwa ndi methanol ndi dimethyl ether opangidwa mu gawo linalake amatchedwa alcohol ether fuel.Kuyaka kwake bwino komanso kutentha kwake ndikokwera kuposa gasi wamadzimadzi.
Zolemba Zosungira:
1.Sungani m'nyumba yosungiramo zoziziritsa komanso mpweya wabwino.
2. Khalani kutali ndi moto ndi gwero la kutentha.
3.Sungani chidebe chosindikizidwa.
4. Iyenera kusungidwa mosiyana ndi madzi, ethanol, ether, benzene, ketones, ndipo isasakanizidwe.
5.Letsani kugwiritsa ntchito zida zamakina ndi zida zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kupanga zopsereza.
Malo osungiramo zinthu ayenera kukhala ndi zida zowonongeka zowonongeka ndi zipangizo zoyenera zogona.
