2-Butanone |78-93-3
Zambiri Zakuthupi:
| Dzina lazogulitsa | 2-Butanone |
| Katundu | Madzi opanda mtundu okhala ndi fungo la acetone |
| Malo osungunuka(°C) | -85.9 |
| Malo Owira (°C) | 79.6 |
| Kachulukidwe wachibale (Madzi=1) | 0.81 |
| Kuchuluka kwa nthunzi (mpweya=1) | 2.42 |
| Kuthamanga kwa nthunzi (kPa) | 10.5 |
| Kutentha kwamphamvu (kJ/mol) | -2261.7 |
| Kutentha kwambiri (°C) | 262.5 |
| Critical pressure (MPa) | 4.15 |
| Octanol/water partition coefficient | 0.29 |
| Pothirira (°C) | -9 |
| Kutentha koyatsira (°C) | 404 |
| Kuphulika kwapamwamba (%) | 11.5 |
| Zochepa zophulika (%) | 1.8 |
| Kusungunuka | Amasungunuka m'madzi, ethanol, ether, acetone, benzene, miscible mu mafuta. |
Katundu:
1.Chemical Properties: Butanone imakhudzidwa ndi zochitika zosiyanasiyana chifukwa cha gulu lake la carbonyl ndi haidrojeni yogwira moyandikana ndi gulu la carbonyl.Condensation imachitika ikatenthedwa ndi hydrochloric acid kapena sodium hydroxide kupanga 3,4-dimethyl-3-hexen-2-imodzi kapena 3-methyl-3-hepten-5-imodzi.Akayatsidwa ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa kwa nthawi yayitali, ethane, acetic acid ndi zinthu za condensation zimapangidwa.Pamene oxidised ndi asidi nitric, biacetyl amapangidwa.Akathiridwa okosijeni ndi chromic acid ndi ma okosijeni ena amphamvu, acetic acid amapangidwa.Butanone imakhala yokhazikika pakutentha, pamwamba pa 500°Ckusweka kwamafuta kuti apange alkenone kapena methyl alkenone.Pamene condensed ndi aliphatic kapena onunkhira aldehydes, amapanga mkulu maselo kulemera ketoni, cyclic mankhwala, ketoni ndi utomoni, etc. Mwachitsanzo, pamene condensed ndi formaldehyde pamaso pa sodium hydroxide, amapanga bi-acetyl.Mwachitsanzo, condensation ndi formaldehyde pamaso pa sodium hydroxide amayamba kutulutsa 2-methyl-1-butanol-3-one kenako amathira madzi kuti apange methylisopropenyl ketone.Chida ichi chimatulutsa resination chikawonetsedwa ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa kapena kuwala kwa ultraviolet.Condensation ndi phenol imapanga 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)butane.Imakhudzidwa ndi ma aliphatic esters pamaso pa chothandizira kupanga ma β-diketones.Acylation ndi anhydride pamaso pa acidic chothandizira kupanga β-diketone.Kuchita ndi hydrogen cyanide kupanga cyanohydrin.Imakhudzidwa ndi ammonia kupanga zotumphukira za ketopiperidine.Atomu ya α-hydrogen ya butanone imasinthidwa mosavuta ndi ma halogen kuti apange ma ketoni osiyanasiyana a halogenated, mwachitsanzo, 3-chloro-2-butanone yokhala ndi chlorine.Kuyanjana ndi 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine kumapanga chikasu cha 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone (mp 115 ° C).
2.Kukhazikika: Kukhazikika
3. Zinthu zoletsedwa:Soxidants kwambiri,amphamvu kuchepetsa wothandizira, maziko
4. Polymerization ngozi:Non-polymerization
Ntchito Yogulitsa:
1.Butanone imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ngati zosungunulira, monga mafuta odzola mafuta, mafakitale opaka utoto ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zosungunulira za utomoni, ndondomeko yochotsa mafuta a masamba ndi njira yoyeretsera ya azeotropic distillation.
2.Butanone ndikukonzekera mankhwala, dyes, detergents, zonunkhira, antioxidants ndi zina zothandizira zimakhala zapakati, anti-desiccant agent methyl ethyl ketone oxime, polymerization catalyst methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, etching inhibitor methyl pentynol, mu makampani opanga zamagetsi ngati photolithography ya mabwalo ophatikizika pambuyo pa wopanga.
3.Kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati detergent, lubricant dewaxing agent, vulcanisation accelerator ndi reaction intermediates.
4.Used mu organic synthesis.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chromatographic analysis standard substance and solvent.
5.Kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale apakompyuta, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri monga kuyeretsa ndi kuchotsera mafuta.
6.Kuphatikiza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakuyenga mafuta, zokutira, zothandizira, zomatira, utoto, mankhwala ndi zida zamagetsi zamagetsi, ndi zina zambiri, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ngati zosungunulira za nitrocellulose, vinyl resin, acrylic resin ndi zina zopangira.Ubwino wake ndi kusungunuka kwamphamvu komanso kutsika kosasunthika kuposa acetone.Pochotsa mafuta a masamba, kuyenga kwa azeotropic distillation ndikukonzekera zonunkhira, antioxidants ndi ntchito zina.
7.Ndizopangira zopangira organic synthesis ndipo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zosungunulira.M'makampani oyenga mafuta opangira mafuta opaka mafuta, pomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala, utoto, utoto, zotsukira, zonunkhira ndi zamagetsi ndi mafakitale ena.Zosungunulira za inki yamadzimadzi.Zogwiritsidwa ntchito mu zodzoladzola popanga misomali ya misomali, monga chosungunulira chochepetsera kutentha, zimatha kuchepetsa kukhuthala kwa misomali, kuyanika mofulumira.
8.Used ngati zosungunulira, dewaxing agent, amagwiritsidwanso ntchito mu organic synthesis, komanso ngati zipangizo zopangira zonunkhira ndi mankhwala opangira mankhwala.
Zolemba Zosungira:
1.Sungani m'nyumba yosungiramo zoziziritsa komanso mpweya wabwino.
2. Khalani kutali ndi moto ndi gwero la kutentha.
3.Kutentha kosungirako sikuyenera kupitirira37°C.
4.Sungani chidebe chosindikizidwa.
5. Iyenera kusungidwa mosiyana ndi oxidizing agents,kuchepetsa wothandizila ndi alkalis,ndipo zisasokonezedwe.
6.Gwiritsani ntchito zounikira zosaphulika ndi mpweya wabwino.
7.Letsani kugwiritsa ntchito zida zamakina ndi zida zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kupanga zopsereza.
8.Malo osungira ayenera kukhala ndi zida zowonongeka zowonongeka ndi zipangizo zoyenera zogona.
