L-Tyrosine | 60-18-4

Tyrosine (yofupikitsidwa ngati Tyr kapena Y) kapena 4-hydroxyphenylalanine, ndi imodzi mwa ma amino acid 22 omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi maselo kupanga mapuloteni. UAC ndi UAU. Ndi amino acid osafunikira omwe ali ndi gulu la polar. Mawu akuti "tyrosine" amachokera ku Greek tyros, kutanthauza tchizi, monga momwe adatulukira koyamba mu 1846 ndi wasayansi waku Germany Justus von Liebig mu proteincasein yochokera ku tchizi. Imatchedwa tyrosyl pamene imatchedwa kuti gulu logwira ntchito kapena mbali ya chain.yrosine ndi kalambulabwalo wa ma neurotransmitters ndipo imawonjezera milingo ya plasmaneurotransmitter (makamaka DOPAM ndi norepinephrine) koma imakhala yochepa ngati ili ndi vuto lililonse pamalingaliro. Zotsatira za kutengeka mtima zimawonekera kwambiri mwa anthu omwe ali ndi zovuta.
Kupatula kukhala proteinogenic aminoacid, tyrosine ili ndi gawo lapadera chifukwa cha magwiridwe antchito a phenol. Itoccurs mu mapuloteni omwe ndi gawo la njira zotumizira ma sign. Imagwira ntchito ngati wolandila magulu a phosphate omwe amasamutsidwa ndi proteinkinases (otchedwa receptor tyrosine kinases). Phosphorylation ya hydroxylgroup imasintha ntchito ya puloteni yomwe mukufuna.
Zotsalira za tyrosine zimagwiranso ntchito yofunika kwambiri mu photosynthesis. Mu ma chloroplasts (photosystem II), imakhala ngati wopereka ma elektroni pakuchepetsa chlorophyll yokhala ndi okosijeni. Pochita izi, imadutsa deprotonation ya phenolic OH-gulu lake. Izi zimachepetsedwa pambuyo pake mu photosystem II ndi magulu anayi a manganese.
Kafukufuku wambiri wapeza kuti tyrosine imakhala yothandiza panthawi ya nkhawa, kuzizira, kutopa, kutayika kwa wokondedwa monga imfa kapena chisudzulo, kugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali komanso kugona, ndi kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa mahomoni opsinjika maganizo, kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa thupi chifukwa cha nkhawa. mayesero a zinyama, kusintha kwa chidziwitso ndi machitidwe a thupi omwe amawoneka m'mayesero aumunthu; komabe, chifukwa tyrosine hydroxylase ndiye enzyme yochepetsera kuchuluka, zotsatira zake sizikhala zazikulu kuposa za L-DOPA.
Tyrosine sichikuwoneka kuti ili ndi zotsatirapo zazikulu pamalingaliro, chidziwitso kapena magwiridwe antchito nthawi zonse. Mlingo watsiku ndi tsiku wa mayeso azachipatala omwe amaperekedwa m'mabuku ndi pafupifupi 100 mg/kg kwa munthu wamkulu, womwe ndi pafupifupi 6.8 magalamu pa150 lbs. Mlingo wanthawi zonse umakhala 500-1500 mg patsiku (mlingo umaperekedwa ndi opanga ambiri; nthawi zambiri amakhala wofanana ndi makapisozi a 1-3 a pure tyrosine). Sitikulimbikitsidwa kupitilira 12000 mg (12 g) patsiku.