Silicon Dioxide |7631-86-9

Mankhwala a Silicon Dioxide, omwe amadziwikanso kuti silika (kuchokera ku Latin silex), ndi oxide ya silicon yokhala ndi mankhwala a SiO2.Amadziwika ndi kuuma kwake kuyambira nthawi zakale.Silika imapezeka kwambiri m'chilengedwe ngati mchenga kapena quartz, komanso m'makoma a cell a diatoms.
Silika amapangidwa m'njira zingapo kuphatikizapo quartz yosakanikirana, crystal, fumed silica (kapena pyrogenic silica), colloidal silica, silica gel, ndi aerogel.
Silika imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popanga magalasi a mawindo, magalasi akumwa, mabotolo a zakumwa, ndi zina zambiri.Ulusi wambiri wa kuwala kwa telecommunication amapangidwanso kuchokera ku silica.Ndiwopangira zopangira zopangira zoyera zambiri monga dothi, miyala, zadothi, komanso simenti ya mafakitale ku Portland.
Silika ndi chowonjezera chofala pakupanga zakudya, komwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ngati chotulutsa muzakudya zaufa, kapena kuyamwa madzi muzogwiritsa ntchito hygroscopic.Ndilo gawo lalikulu la dziko la diatomaceous lomwe limagwiritsa ntchito zambiri kuyambira kusefera mpaka kuwongolera tizilombo.Ndiwonso gawo lalikulu la phulusa la mankhusu a mpunga lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito, mwachitsanzo, pakusefera ndi kupanga simenti.
Makanema owonda a silica omwe amamera pamiphika ya silicon kudzera munjira zotenthetsera ma oxidation amatha kukhala opindulitsa mu ma microelectronics, pomwe amakhala ngati zotsekera zamagetsi zokhazikika kwambiri pamakina.Pamagetsi amagetsi, imatha kuteteza silicon, kusungirako sitolo, kutsekereza zamakono, komanso kukhala ngati njira yoyendetsedwa kuti ichepetse kuthamanga kwapano.
Airgel yochokera ku silica idagwiritsidwa ntchito mu spacecraft ya Stardust kusonkhanitsa tinthu tating'ono tambiri.Silika imagwiritsidwanso ntchito pochotsa DNA ndi RNA chifukwa cha kuthekera kwake kumangirira ku nucleic acids pansi pa chaotropes.Monga silika ya hydrophobic imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo la defoamer.Mu mawonekedwe a hydrated, amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mankhwala otsukira mano ngati chotupa cholimba kuchotsa zolembera za mano.
Mu mphamvu yake ngati refractory, ndi zothandiza mu mawonekedwe a CHIKWANGWANI monga mkulu kutentha matenthedwe nsalu chitetezo.Mu zodzoladzola, ndi zothandiza kwa kuwala-diffusing katundu ndi chilengedwe absorbency.Silika ya Colloidal imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati vinyo ndi juicefining agent.Mu mankhwala, silica imathandizira kutuluka kwa ufa pamene mapiritsi apangidwa.Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati chowonjezera chowonjezera chamafuta mumsika wapampopi wotenthetsera pansi.